Whistles and horns.... they may cause a critter to move, but in which direction is unpredictable. The deer that hit me in August was at full run when it cleared the brush, the only thing that was going to stop it was me. Montana has the distinction of ranking No. 2 in the nation for auto versus deer, elk or moose collisions (two local riders died this year after hitting elk), according to a report by State Farm insurance company based on the number of claims filed. The study places the odds at 1:58 in Montana. West Virginia is first at 1:41 and Pennsylvania is third at 1:67. I think the only way to mitigate the risk is to avoid riding from dusk to dawn and to slow down in areas where there is a higher risk of wildlife crossing an/or getting close to the road without being seen. But you need to accept that hitting or getting hit by an animal is sometimes unavoidable.